The library

Ingredient library

Every ingredient SkinAtlas knows about — all 2402 of them. What each one does, what it works well with, and what to watch for.

All 2402 ingredients — page 61 of 101

Preservative
P-Anisic Acid

An aromatic carboxylic acid preservative booster used at 0.05–0.3% in acidic formulas to inhibit bacteria and moulds and reinforce primary preservative systems.

preservativepreservative-booster
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial including anti-mould activityBoosts the efficacy of primary preservativesMild antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
Effective mainly in acidic systems (pH 4.5–5.5); efficacy drops significantly above pH 5.5Individual sensitivity possible at higher concentrations
Emollient
PCA Dimethicone

A silicone polymer modified with pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA) groups. PCA is an amino acid-derived NMF component naturally present in the skin's stratum corneum. This hybrid ingredient delivers silicone's characteristic smoothing and film-forming properties alongside PCA's water-binding humectancy. Suited to lightweight sleeping masks and hydrating formulas.

skin-conditioningemollientfilm-forming
Combines silicone's smooth, non-greasy skin-conditioning with PCA's humectant propertiesLeaves a silky, comfortable skin feel without heavinessPCA (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid) is a natural moisturizing factor (NMF) component that supports skin hydration
+ Hyaluronic Acid+ Glycerin+ Niacinamide
Surfactant
PCA Ethyl Cocoyl Arginate

A cationic surfactant derived from L-arginine, coconut fatty acid, and PCA (a natural moisturizing factor component) that functions as a mild antimicrobial, conditioner, and antistatic agent suitable for sensitive skin.

surfactantantimicrobialantistatichumectant
Mild cationic surfactant with antimicrobial propertiesConditions skin and hair with low irritation potentialBiodegradable amino acid-derived ingredient
Active
PDRN
Polydeoxyribonucleotide

Polynucleotide fragments (often salmon-derived) popular in K-beauty for skin repair and barrier recovery.

regenerativesoothing
Supports skin repair and recoverySoothes stressed skin
Stronger evidence for injectable use than topical
+ Centella Asiatica+ Panthenol
Other
PEG-10 Dimethicone

A polyethylene glycol-modified dimethicone silicone used primarily as a water-in-silicone emulsifier and skin-conditioning agent that imparts a smooth, silky feel to sunscreens and foundations.

emulsifieremollientskin-conditioning
Stabilizes water-in-silicone emulsionsProvides a silky, lightweight skin feelImproves spreadability of formulas
Other
PEG-10 Glyceryl Stearate
PEG-10 GLYCERYL STEARATE

A PEG-10 ester of glyceryl stearate. Used as a gentle O/W emulsifier in premium Japanese formulations including Shiseido Elixir products.

emulsifierskin-conditioning
Gentle emulsifierImproves emulsion stability
+ Glyceryl Stearate+ Behenyl Alcohol
Other
PEG-10 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

A polyethylene glycol ether of hydrogenated castor oil with approximately 10 ethylene oxide units. Used as a mild emulsifier and solubilizer in cosmetics to incorporate oils, fragrances, and lipophilic actives into water-based formulations.

emulsifiersolubilizersurfactant
Solubilizes oils and fragrance components in aqueous systemsMild emulsifier suitable for rinse-off and leave-on productsDerived from castor oil; low irritation profile
PEG derivatives may cause irritation on compromised barrier skin in high concentrationsMay be contaminated with trace 1,4-dioxane during ethoxylation (manufacturing concern, not end-product)
Surfactant
PEG-10 Isostearate

PEG-10 Isostearate is a polyethylene glycol ester of isostearic acid (C18 branched-chain fatty acid). It is used as a co-emulsifier and solubilizer in cleansing balms, where its hydrophilic PEG chain and lipophilic isostearate chain assist in balm-to-emulsion phase inversion during rinsing. The branched isostearic acid chain maintains the product in a semi-solid (rather than waxy crystalline) state at room temperature.

emulsifyingsolubilizingskin-conditioning
Mild PEG ester of isostearic acid that functions as a co-emulsifier and solubilizer in cleansing balm formulationsIsostearic acid's branched chain prevents crystallization at room temperature, keeping the balm soft and spreadableContributes to the rinsability of anhydrous cleansing formulas alongside the primary emulsifier
Ethoxylated ingredient — trace 1,4-dioxane risk; cosmetic-grade meets regulatory purity standards
+ PEG-20 Glyceryl Triisostearate+ Cetyl Ethylhexanoate+ Synthetic Wax
Emollient
PEG-10 Rapeseed Sterol

A PEGylated derivative of plant sterols extracted from rapeseed oil, used as an emollient and co-emulsifier in cosmetic formulations; the PEGylation improves water dispersibility of the sterol.

EmollientEmulsifierSkin-conditioning agent
Emollient skin feel from sterol fractionImproves emulsion stability as a co-emulsifierPlant-derived sterol provides barrier-supporting properties
Emollient
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil
PEG-100 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL

A highly ethoxylated (100 EO units) hydrogenated castor oil ester used as a gentle solubiliser and O/W emulsifier. Very water-soluble; widely used in Japanese toners, mists, and essence formulas to solubilise oils and fragrances.

emulsifiersolubilisersurfactant
Highly effective solubiliser for fragrances and essential oilsVery gentle; suitable for sensitive-skin formulas
+ PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil+ Fragrance
Surfactant
PEG-100 Stearate

A high-polyethylene-glycol-chain ester of stearic acid used as a mild, nonionic emulsifier to stabilize oil-in-water cosmetic emulsions.

emulsifiersurfactant
Stabilizes oil-in-water emulsionsImproves spreadability and texture of creams and lotions
PEG compounds may contain trace 1,4-dioxane impurities; well-managed in modern manufacturing
Humectant
PEG-1000

A polyethylene glycol with ~23 EO units (MW ~1000 Da). Liquid at room temperature. Used as a humectant and co-solvent in Elixir Retino Power Cream.

humectantsolvent
HumectantCo-solvent
+ Glycerin+ Butylene Glycol
Other
PEG-11 Methyl Ether Dimethicone
PEG-11 METHYL ETHER DIMETHICONE

A silicone-PEG copolymer that acts as an emulsifier and conditioning agent, giving formulas a smooth, silky skin feel while helping stabilise silicone-in-water or water-in-silicone emulsions.

skin-conditioningemulsifyingemollient
Bridges silicone and water phasesImproves spreadability and skin feelAdds light conditioning without greasiness
+ Dimethicone+ Glycerin
Humectant
PEG-12

A polyethylene glycol with 12 ethylene oxide units. Used as a humectant, solubilizer, and skin conditioner at low concentrations. Shorter chain than PEG-40 or PEG-60, giving a lighter, less viscous feel.

humectantsolubilizerskin-conditioning
Low-molecular-weight PEG (12 EO units) functioning as a mild humectant and solubilizer in aqueous formulasHelps solubilize actives and improves formula texture
Surfactant
PEG-12 Diisostearate
PEG-12 DIISOSTEARATE

A PEG ester of isostearic acid used as an emulsifier in oil-based cleansers to disperse oils in water for rinsing.

emulsifiersolubilizer
Solubilizes oils in water-based cleansersLeaves skin feeling conditioned after rinsing
PEG-derived; low penetration concern at cosmetic concentrations
Other
PEG-12 Dimethicone

A polyethylene glycol-modified silicone that functions as an emulsifier and skin-conditioning agent, providing a lightweight, non-greasy texture to creams, lotions, and moisturizers.

emulsifieremollientskin-conditioning
Stabilizes water-in-silicone and oil-in-water emulsionsSilky skin feel without heavinessImproves product texture and spreading
Other
PEG-120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate

A polyethoxylated methyl glucose dioleate (trade name Glucamate DOE-120). Used as a thickener and texture enhancer in mild liquid cleansers. Provides a rich feel without irritation.

viscosity-controllingemulsifiersurfactant
Glucose-derived thickener providing a smooth, lotion-like rinse feel in gentle cleansersCompatible with most surfactant systems; widely used in sulfate-free and sensitive-skin cleansers
Surfactant
PEG-120 Methyl Glucose Trioleate

A nonionic surfactant and emulsifier derived from corn that functions as an effective thickener and irritation reducer in cleansing formulations.

surfactantemulsifierviscosity-controllingemollient
Effective thickener for mild cleansing systemsReduces irritancy of surfactant packagesForms a thin barrier layer on skin
PEG compound - potential contamination concerns in manufacturingMay cause mild irritation in very sensitive skin
Other
PEG-14M

A high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol polymer (14,000 average MW) used as a water-soluble thickener and binder to increase viscosity and improve the feel of cosmetic formulations.

thickenerfilm-formerbinder
Thickens and stabilizes cosmetic formulasProvides a smooth, slip-enhancing texture
Humectant
PEG-150

A high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol. Used as a humectant, thickener, and solvent in skincare formulations. High MW PEGs are generally considered safe and non-irritating.

humectantsolventskin-conditioning
HumectantImproves product spreadability
+ Glycerin+ Butylene Glycol
Other
PEG-150 Distearate
PEG-150 DISTEARATE

A PEGylated diester of stearic acid with a long PEG chain (150 ethylene oxide units). Used primarily as a thickener and emulsifier in rinse-off and leave-on cosmetic formulas.

thickeneremulsifier
Thickens cleansing and lotion formulasHelps stabilize emulsions
+ Glycerin+ Cocamidopropyl Betaine
Other
PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate

A highly ethoxylated pentaerythritol ester of stearic acid used as a nonionic emulsifier and co-thickener in cleansers and moisturizers to stabilize formulas and build viscosity.

emulsifiersurfactantthickener
Stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions in cleansersContributes to gel-like textureMild, well-tolerated in cleansing formulations
High-ethoxylation PEG may contain trace 1,4-dioxane impurities; well-controlled in modern manufacturing
Emollient
PEG-150 Stearate
PEG-150 STEARATE

A monoester of stearic acid with a long PEG-150 chain. Functions as a water-soluble emulsifier and thickener in creams and lotions.

emulsifierthickener
Thickens creams and lotionsHelps stabilize O/W emulsions
+ Cetearyl Alcohol+ Glycerin
Humectant
PEG-1500

A polyethylene glycol with ~34 ethylene oxide units (MW ~1500 Da). Used as a humectant and co-solvent in skincare formulations.

humectantsolventbinder
Humectant and solventImproves spreadability
+ Glycerin+ Butylene Glycol